1 25 34 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Springdale Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May 30, 2019 Description An account of the resource <ul> <li>Historic African American community Springdale has been a refuge for African Americans, refugees, and immigrants.</li> <li>The community was originally settled in the 1940s when Blacks left the South and moved to Washington, DC to find jobs. Residents remember growing up where everyone knew each other and cared for one another. No one locked doors in Springdale. The Black American Registry project was started to document the addresses of all the residents and collect their history.</li> </ul> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dara Elasfar Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Near Baileys Crossroads, a historically black community remains a refuge. The Washington Post by Dara Elasfar May 30, 2019 African American Communities General Resources Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sideburn Community Description An account of the resource An African American community was established after the Civil War. Its location was Zion Drive and Sideburn Road, Fairfax VA. African American Communities General Resources Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lincoln-Lewis-Vannoy community Description An account of the resource <ul> <li>Lincoln-Lewis-Vannoy, a community of approximately 169 homes, fought to have sewers and indoor plumbing brought to their community. In 1982, many of the residents still depended on wells and outdoor privies.</li> <li>Lincoln Area Lifting Living Standards: Lincoln Area Fights for Services By Ann Marian</li> <li>In 1976 Lincoln Park, Lewis Park, Vannoy Park, Vannoy Acres, Blevinston communities were designated eligible for federal and county rehabilitation aid. In 1984, over 600 homes will be fitted with indoor bathrooms for the first time.</li> </ul> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Molly Moore Ann Marian Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "At Last, Lincoln, Lewis, Vannoy May Come in From the Cold" By Molly Moore Washington Post March 11, 1982, pg. VA 1 The Washington Post May 12, 1984 pg. E5 African American Communities General Resources Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Malcolm Heights – The Neighborhood Description An account of the resource A planned segregated neighborhood for African Americans was built in Vienna. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Credit Historic Vienna, Inc. African American Communities General Resources Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Floris Description An account of the resource <ul> <li>Floris Community</li> <li>(Known as Frying Pan until c. 1892) </li> <li>Location: On Centreville Road (657) from Frying Pan Road to intersection with West Ox Road (608), approximately one mile east of Dulles Airport. Within the Floris National Register Historic District</li> <li>African American Community history: Ox Road and Frying Pan Mining Company established by Robert “King” Carter, 1720s; Carter, III, donated land for the Frying Pan Baptist Meeting House (standing by 1791) where enslaved and free African Americans worshiped with Whites. In 1869 Andrew and Mary Cook became the first Black landowners in the community, purchasing 20 acres around the Meetinghouse, and established a diary farm. The site of their son, Edward Lee’s home, is located next to the Meetinghouse on Centreville Road.</li> <li>A single room Floris Colored School, located on Squirrel Hill Road, off Centreville Road, stood from 1870 to c.1931 when a two room building was constructed.</li> <li>Frying Pan community name changed to Floris in 1892 at suggestion of a summer-time resident who thought Floris a more appealing name</li> </ul> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Sources: <ul> <li>Virginia Department Historic Resources</li> <li>Fairfax County Inventory of Historic Sites</li> <li>Floris School - fcps.edu</li> <li>“Segregation in Herndon- Cooktown” </li> <li>Two African American communities were located near the town of Herndon, but the living conditions were dramatically different. by Chuck Mauro</li> </ul> Repository: Herndon Virginia The Patch on line newspaper October 2, 2011 African American Communities General Resources Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Odrick’s Corner Description An account of the resource <ul> <li>Location: North of Dulles Toll Road, intersection Spring Hill Road (county 684) and Lewinsville Road (county 694).</li> <li>African American community history: Named after Alfred Odrick, a former slave and carpenter who purchased 30 acres in 1872. Odrick’s one room school stood by 1879. The community used the school in many ways—they held community meetings there, as well as the first services of the Shiloh Baptist Church. Though the schoolhouse was destroyed in the 1950s, the church on Spring Hill Road still stands; cemetery is located behind the church. The Odrick home place on Lewinsville Road is an archaeological site. One or two small homes remain on Lewinsville Roa and on Spring Hill Road next to the Toll Road Spring Hill entrance. (Additional houses demolished c. 1980s)</li> <li>The community most probably extended west on Lewinsville Road at least as far as the still extant Pleasant Grove Church & cemetery and east past Spring Hill School. </li> </ul> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <ul> <li>Sources: WETA Local History Blog: boundarystones.weta.org; WETA Historical D.C. Metro Map hmdb.org, Fairfax County History Commission Odrick’s Corner roadside marker text</li> <li>Connection Newspaper: “Odrick’s Corner Recognized after 130 years”, May 23, 2002.</li> <li>Article includes testimony by Alfred Odrick’s great-great-granddaughter.</li> </ul> African American Communities General Resources Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Woodentown Description An account of the resource <ul> <li>Location: In Hunter Mill District; north off Crowell Road, just past Crowell intersection with Brown’s Mill Road; it was located on Summer Road (unpaved) that extended from Crowell in 19th century.</li> <li>African American Community History: Referred to as an “enclave” this small gathering of houses was named Woodentown after the Wooden family who lived there. Residents joined with the Cartersville Baptist Church community. In 2022 there remain some former Woodentown residents and descendants of same in the wider northwestern Fairfax County and nearby Loudoun County.</li> </ul> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <ul> <li>Sources: Hunter Mill Defense League research in coordination with Cartersville Baptist Church congregants</li> <li>Informal oral history interviews with various individuals.</li> </ul> African American Communities General Resources Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Freedom Hill community Description An account of the resource <ul> <li>Tysons, Virginia’s Untold Stories: The Freedom Hill Community <a href="https://ourstoriesandperspectives.com/2022/02/08/tysons-virginias-untold-stories-the-freedom-hill-community" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://ourstoriesandperspectives.com/2022/02/08/tysons-virginias-untold-stories-the-freedom-hill-community</a>/</li> <li>Interpretive signs at Freedom Hill</li> <li>The stories about the Civil War, the community, and the women behind it.</li> </ul> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <ul> <li><a href="https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/parks/freedom-hill" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/parks/freedom-hill</a></li> </ul> African American Communities General Resources Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Reston African American History Description An account of the resource Reston holds a unique place in Fairfax County African American History. Conceived and created by its founder, Robert E. Simon, as an integrated community, Reston was established and opened in 1964. A series of interviews with a selection of Reston’s African American pioneers was conducted for Reston Community Television’s program entitled “Reston’s African American Legacy”. A book containing a selection of the interviews, Reston's African American Legacy by LaVerne Gill, is available for research in the Museum’s reference library (by appointment) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JJG61jAgpAg&">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JJG61jAgpAg&</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzOmuE3Zszk&list=PLnV99tUjmJMKMyhwchSreGL6L90vhhyO&index=22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzOmuE3Zszk&list=PLnV99tUjmJMKMyhwchSreGL6L90vhhyO&index=22</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCo7xTxPhPMi0meMK4-Z5Wow" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCo7xTxPhPMi0meMK4-Z5Wow</a> Reston Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Communities Additional information on historical communites District Name of the district that the item is located in Hunter Mill Location The location of the item or topic On unpaved Summer Road just off the intersection of Crowell and Browns Mill Roads, Vienna Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Woodentown Description An account of the resource Woodentown was an enclave of several houses with residents that included a large family whose name identified the neighborhood. Woodens were associated with Cartersville Baptist Church, located on Hunter Mill Road, near Crowells Corner. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Cartersville Baptist Church Roadside Marker Interview with Ms. Lola Albright who grew up on her grandparents’ farm on Brown’s Mill Road, visited the Wooden home and rode the school bus to Herndon High School with two Wooden children Interviews with members Hunter Mill Defense League Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Wooden family members were still living there in the 1970s Hunter Mill Vienna Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Site Location The location of a site, grounds, farmland, land, etc. given as a separate entry from a related item. Location The location of the item or topic 5970 Meeres Road Fort Belvoir, VA District Name of the district that the item is located in Mount Vernon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Youngs Village Description An account of the resource In the early 1940s the Army acquired the historic African American Community of Woodlawn. This land was located close to the present day Ft. Belvoir Elementary School. Woodlawn was a thriving African American Community of single-family homes, a church, school, and an Odd Fellows Hall. After acquiring Woodlawn and the surrounding area, the Army built Youngs Village as segregated housing for the African American soldiers and their families. The housing development was named after African American Officer Colonel Charles Young. The seven streets were named Coleman, Foreman, Ganby, Madison, Trescille, Rivers and Stack, all after African American Soldiers and pilots killed in World War II. The homes in Youngs Village were described as temporary housing. The Engineer Replacement Training Center housed on the North side of the post was an integrated workplace, while facilities on the South side were not. Informally, both Black and White Soldiers referred to the side of Ft Belvoir North of Route 1 as the Union Army and the side South of Route 1 as the Confederate Army. President Truman in July 1948 signed an executive order to desegregate the military. The order was fully executed in the early 1950s and families in Youngs Village were relocated. The homes were demolished in the late 1950s. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived What’s in a name – Ft Belvoir Elementary School <a href="https://youtu.be/W2M_Jils2Gs" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://youtu.be/W2M_Jils2Gs</a> Ft Belvoir Housing History Youngs Village-Fort Belvoir Housing History Youngs Village was named after African American Officer Colonel Charles Young <a href="https://www.nps.gov/chyo/learn/historyculture/colonel-Charles-Young.htm">https://www.nps.gov/chyo/learn/historyculture/colonel-Charles-Young.htm</a> A century after his death, the first Black US Army colonel is promoted to brigadier general. Charles Young, the first Black US Army colonel, whose groundbreaking military career was hampered a century ago by the racism of the era, was posthumously promoted to brigadier general. By Chandelis Duster, CNN April 30, 2022 Repository: https://www.cnn.com/2022/04/29/politics/charles-young-brigadier-general-us-army/index.html “JC at Ft Belvoir Harms School-Age Children Greatest: Separate Schools, Residential Areas Violate The Presidents Directive Ordering Integration “The Baltimore Afro-American, December 29, 1951 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1940s-1956 Fort Belvoir Mount Vernon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Site Location The location of a site, grounds, farmland, land, etc. given as a separate entry from a related item. Location The location of the item or topic Approximately in the vicinity of Collingwood Picnic Area along the George Washington Memorial Parkway, Alexandria VA. Owned by the National Park Service Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Collingwood Beach Description An account of the resource From approximately 1888 to 1900, Collingwood Beach was an African American resort, a getaway for church groups and fraternal organizations from the District of Columbia. A white steamboat Captain L.J. Woolen purchased the property in 1888 and built a bathhouse, pavilion, merry-go-round, swings and a “gravity railroad” (an early roller coaster). He began running excursions for African Americans seeking a getaway. It is unclear whether local area residents were able to access the resort. The First Separate Battalion of the District of Columbia National Guard, an all Black unit, used the property in August 1891 as a training camp. Frederick Douglass and his daughter came and reviewed the troops. The property was later leased by African-American Steamboat operator J.W. Patterson who changed the name to Douglass Beach. Patterson later ran into difficulties when the White Captain of the Jane Mosely, a steamboat he had leased, refused to embark for Collingwood Beach. The matter was later settled out of court. By 1908 the beach was reported as abandoned. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Land Was Ours: How Black Beaches Became White Wealth in the Coastal South by Andrew W. Kahrl. University of North Carolina Press. 2012 Historically African American Leisure Destinations Around Washington, D.C. by Patsy Mose Fletcher, The History Press. 2015. <a href="https://media.alexandriava.gov/docs-archives/historic/info/attic/2018/attic20180809collingwood.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://media.alexandriava.gov/docs-archives/historic/info/attic/2018/attic20180809collingwood.pdf</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1888 - 1908 Alexandria Mount Vernon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Communities Additional information on historical communites District Name of the district that the item is located in Mount Vernon Location The location of the item or topic Grist Mill Park, 4320 Mount Vernon Memorial Hwy, Alexandria, VA 22309 and the newly acquired FCPA property at 9150 Union Farm Rd. Additional Name A different name that the item is also known as, or was known as in the past French’s Farm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Union Farm Description An account of the resource In 1760, French’s Farm was the second largest community of enslaved people in Fairfax County with 60 enslaved people living on this property. They were, at times, leased to work on neighboring farms. In 1786, the property was combined with others to form Union Farm, one of Mount Vernon’s five farms. According to Mount Vernon’s website, “In 1799 there were seventy-five slaves living at Union Farm. Of these individuals, six were owned by George Washington, thirty were dower slaves owned by Martha Washington, and thirty-nine were individuals rented from a neighbor to Mount Vernon, Mrs. French. There appear to have been at least twelve family groups, housing fifty-seven of the people (including thirty children under the age of eleven and twenty-seven individuals considered to be "adults," age eleven and over). Another seventeen individuals cannot yet be linked with any relatives living at this farm. All of the family groups at this farm seem to have been headed by women, about one-third of whom were unmarried. Of the seventeen slaves living at Union Farm, owned by George and Martha Washington and considered to be of adult working age, sixteen (around ninety-four percent) had been living on Union Farm since 1786.” A visitor in June 1789 noted, “We entered one of the huts of the Blacks. The husband and wife sleep on a mean pallet, the children on the ground; a very bad fireplace, some utensils for cooking, but in the middle of this poverty some cups and a teapot.” On January 1, 1801, George Washington’s enslaved were emancipated according to his will. In 1802, following Martha’s death, the enslaved of the Custis family were divided among the heirs, separating families to distant estates. Their departure did not eliminate slavery at Mount Vernon. Washington heirs brought enslaved people to the property. In 1815, there were and estimated 79 enslaved people at Mount Vernon, approximately half of those individuals are thought to have lived on Union Farm. These included Oliver and Doll Smith and their son, Phil. Another family headed by Sinah and Joe, included 8 children, two sons-in-law and eleven grandchildren. Sinah’s brother Ham and his wife Pat also had 3 children who resided there. According to Scott Casper, author of Sarah Johnson’s Mount Vernon, in 1821 many or all of these enslaved people were transferred to the Alexandria jail and subsequently sold, “Bushrod appears to have sold the families that worked and lived at Union Farm, including Sinah and Joe, Ham and Pat and all their children and grandchildren, about thirty in all.” In 1834, Oliver Smith spoke to an abolitionist visiting the Mount Vernon Estate about six of his nine children, “Sold into Georgia.” “O, it was like cutting off my own limbs.” A core of Union Farm is currently under the supervision of the Fairfax County Park Authority as part of two separate properties: “Grist Mill Park” and “Union Farm,” a 2021 acquisition from a private owner through the Mount Vernon Ladies Association. Archaeological resources are located on the properties including: remains of the overseer’s house, bricks, brickbats, and domestic artifacts. There is also possible evidence of 5 slave cabins. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/slavery-at-union-farm/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/slavery-at-union-farm/</a> Grist Mill Park: Master Plan Revision 2002, <a href="https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/sites/parks/files/assets/images/plandev/grist%20mill%20master%20plan/gristmillreport.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Grist Mill Report (fairfaxcounty.gov)</a> p. 13-16 Sarah Johnson’s Mount Vernon: The Forgotten History of an American Shrine. By Scott E. Casper. 2008 Fairfax County, Virginia in 1760: An Interpretive Historical Map, Prepared by Beth Mitchell “Hidden in Plain Sight: Archaeologists search for clues to the other working farms that were once part of George Washington’s estate” by Jason Buroughs, Mount Vernon Magazine, Spring 2021. <a href="https://magazine.mountvernon.org/2021/Spring/hidden-in-plain-sight.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mount Vernon Magazine – Hidden in Plain Sight</a> “The Only Unavoidable Subject of Regret”: George Washington, Slavery, and the Enslaved Community at Mount Vernon by Mary V. Thompson. 2019. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1760 – 1840s Alexandria Mount Vernon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Communities Additional information on historical communites District Name of the district that the item is located in Town of Fairfax Location The location of the item or topic School Street, Fairfax, Va Additional Notes An additional note of further information not directly related to the item's historical description “A Bit of Virginia History is on the Block” The Washington Post August 14, 1989, describes the history of the community and its residents. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource School Street Description An account of the resource In the early 1920s an African American community was settled not far from the Historical Courthouse. After a fire had damaged most of Main Street, a developer John Rust, bought the land around School Street and subdivided it into lots. Many African Americans bought the lots and generations of families lived there for seventy years. By 1989, developers began buying the property to build large homes and the community disappeared. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John Rust Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920s - 1990s Fairfax Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Communities Additional information on historical communites District Name of the district that the item is located in Sully Location The location of the item or topic West of Centreville between Bull Run and Cub Run Additional Notes An additional note of further information not directly related to the item's historical description See Robinson’s Mill, Rock Hill Freedom School, Cub Run Colored School, Cub Run Primitive Baptist Church, Cub Run Memorial Gardens. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bull Run/Gatepost/Hortontown Description An account of the resource A group of more than 40 people emancipated from Robert Carter III’s Leo Farm between 1793 to 1826 established a community southwest of Centreville between Bull Run and Cub Run. The Harris and Robinson families were prominent, but there were many families that formed this community, including the Burkes, Naylors, and Gaskins, among others. The community was engaged in agriculture, producing wheat and corn, supporting local merchant mills and stores. They established a church and cemetery, and as soon as they were permitted, a school. Over the next 200 years their settlement would thrive and grow to be one of the largest African American communities in Fairfax County. The Harris family were prominent landowners in Fairfax County. In 1844, Jesse Harris purchased the 211-acre Waterside tract. By 1859, the extended Harris family would own over 570 acres. In 1868, Jesse Harris donated 1 acre of land for the Rock Hill School and Charles Harris would petition the Freedman’s Bureau for funds to complete construction. Both Jesse and Obed Harris were successful in claiming compensation for damages to their respective farms during Union occupation. In 1895, Anthony Harris donated an acre of his land to build the Cub Run Primitive Baptist Church. Anthony would be remembered at his death in 1913 as “one of the most highly respected colored persons in Fairfax County. The Robinson family is well-known for their ties to James “Gentleman Jim” Robinson, the largest African American landowner whose farm site is preserved at Manassas National Battlefield Park (in Prince William County). Some members of the Robinson, such as miller James Pendleton Robinson, moved into Fairfax and supported the Bull Run community. Others, like B. Oswald Robinson, continued to live in Prince William, but affected Fairfax communities through their careers (Oswald was an educator). Cain Duncan (1840-1927) fought in the Civil War from 1863 to 1865 with the 23rd U.S. Colored Infantry. The 23rd was the first African American regiment to engage Lee’s Army of the Potomac in an armed skirmish in Spotsylvania in 1864. They later participated in the siege at Petersburg including the infamous Battle of the Crater where Union troops, especially US Colored troops suffered heavy losses. The 23rd was also present at Lee’s surrender at Appomattox. Cain Duncan was promoted to the rank of sergeant. After the war he became the beloved father of 16 children and served his community as a church trustee and clergyman. Mattie Orrie Gaskins Brown was one of the oldest residents of Centreville when she died at 107 in 2000. A prominent member of the Cub Run Primitive Baptist Church, she was named honorary mayor of Centreville during the town’s 1992 bicentennial celebration. In 1988 Mrs. Brown rescued the Willoughby Newton Boundary Stone from destruction by developers. The stone is on display in the Sully Government Center. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived A Little Known African American Community at Bull Run. Heather Hembrey, 2021. Fairfax County Park Authority Our Stories and Perspectives website: <a href="https://ourstoriesandperspectives.com/2021/02/28/a-little-known-african-american-community-at-bull-%20run/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://ourstoriesandperspectives.com/2021/02/28/a-little-known-african-american-community-at-bull- run/</a> Freedom is Not Enough: African Americans in Antebellum Fairfax County. Curtis L.Vaughn, 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, George Mason University. Accessed via George Mason University Archival Repository Service webpage: <a href="http://jbox.gmu.edu/bitstream/handle/1920/9155/Vaughn_gmu_0883E_10726.pdf?sequence=1&isAllo%20wed=y%20." target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://jbox.gmu.edu/bitstream/handle/1920/9155/Vaughn_gmu_0883E_10726.pdf?sequence=1&isAllo wed=y .</a> A Matter of Faith and Plumbing. Timothy Dwyer, Washington Post, Dec 26, 2002. Accessed via Washington Post Archives website: <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2002/12/26/a-%20matter-of-faith-and-plumbing/d20e2855-fc2a-4f61-9893-dfdda2e312e6/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2002/12/26/a- matter-of-faith-and-plumbing/d20e2855-fc2a-4f61-9893-dfdda2e312e6/</a> Looking Back at Black Life. Jean Seaberry, Washington Post, Feb 13, 1992. Accessed via Washington Post Archives website: <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1992/02/13/looking-back-at-%20Black-life/b0455f80-fd3e-42d4-85e2-ae432338db30/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1992/02/13/looking-back-at- Black-life/b0455f80-fd3e-42d4-85e2-ae432338db30/</a> Historic Cub Run Primitive Baptist Church. Chrystal Gaskins, Anthony Matthews, Dorthea Spriggs, & Linneall Naylor. Unpublished manuscript. Virginia Room, Fairfax County Public Library. Myth to Truth: The James ‘Gentleman Jim’ Robinson and Susan Gaskins Story. Chrystal Gaskins, Anthony Matthews, Dorthea Spriggs, & Linneall Naylor. Unpublished manuscript. Virginia Room, Fairfax County Public Library. Jesse Harris (1795-1875). Chrystal Gaskins, Anthony Matthews, Dorthea Spriggs, & Linneall Naylor. Unpublished manuscript. Virginia Room, Fairfax County Public Library. Abstracts of Claims for Civil War Losses, Fairfax County (3 volumes) by Beth Mitchell. Virginia Room, Fairfax County Public Library. Jesse Harris, Southern Claims Records accessed on Ancestry website: <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/1217/images/RHUSA1871A_088510-%2000661?usePUB=true&_phsrc=SuH410&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true&pId=118457" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/1217/images/RHUSA1871A_088510- 00661?usePUB=true&_phsrc=SuH410&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true&pId=118457</a> Obed Harris, Southern Claims Records accessed on Ancestry website: <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/1217/images/RHUSA1871A_088510-%2000691?usePUB=true&_phsrc=SuH420&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true&pId=118458" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/1217/images/RHUSA1871A_088510- 00691?usePUB=true&_phsrc=SuH420&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true&pId=118458</a> “Death of Anthony Harris.” The Manassas Journal, January 10, 1913, p.2. Accessed via the Prince William County Public Library Relic Digital Archives website: <a href="https://eservice.pwcgov.org/library/digitalLibrary/News-Archive/Manassas%20Journal%201913-%201914/the%20manassas%20journal_1913%2001%2010.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://eservice.pwcgov.org/library/digitalLibrary/News-Archive/Manassas%20Journal%201913- 1914/the%20manassas%20journal_1913%2001%2010.pdf</a> “The Robinson Legacy in Education, History.” February 15, 2006. Accessed via The Connection Archives website: <a href="http://www.connectionnewspapers.com/news/2006/feb/15/the-robinson-legacy-in-%20education-history/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.connectionnewspapers.com/news/2006/feb/15/the-robinson-legacy-in- education-history/</a> “Cain Duncan.” Mary Lipsey. Published on Fairfax County Cemetery Preservation Association Inc., Veteran Honor Roll website: <a href="https://honorfairfaxcemeteries.org/cain-duncan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://honorfairfaxcemeteries.org/cain-duncan/</a> Census and military records for Cain Duncan (Cane/Kane). Ancestry website: <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/search/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.ancestry.com/search/</a> ; and on the Fold3 website: <a href="https://www.fold3.com/?group=1" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.fold3.com/?group=1</a> . Both websites can be accessed at the Virginia Room, Fairfax County Public Library. U.S. Civil War Draft Registration Records, 1863-1865 for Kane Duncan. Accessed via Ancestry website: <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-%20content/view/1589665:1666?tid=&pid=&queryId=5380b0d59f1c14719c6ebeff3ab3cf40&_phsrc=SuH%20677&_phstart=successSource" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui- content/view/1589665:1666?tid=&pid=&queryId=5380b0d59f1c14719c6ebeff3ab3cf40&_phsrc=SuH 677&_phstart=successSource</a> . Available in the Virginia Room, Fairfax County Public Library. Alexander Brown v. Cain Duncan & wife, etc. 1898-048, Fairfax County. Accessed via Library of Virginia Virginia Memory Chancery Records Index website: <a href="https://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/chancery/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/chancery/</a> 23rd Regiment, US Colored Troops, National Park Service, Civil War Soldiers and Sailors Database website: <a href="https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battle-units-%20detail.htm?battleUnitCode=UUS0023RI00C" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battle-units- detail.htm?battleUnitCode=UUS0023RI00C</a> On the death of Mattie Orrie Gaskins Brown. House Joint Resolution No. 884, Feb 22, 2001. Accessed via Virginia’s Legislative Information System website: <a href="https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-%20bin/legp604.exe?011+ful+HJ884ER" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi- bin/legp604.exe?011+ful+HJ884ER</a> “Mattie Orrie Gaskins Brown,” accessed via Find-A-Grave website: <a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/31798636/mattie-orrie-brown" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/31798636/mattie-orrie-brown</a> “Local Woman Provides Historic Landmark.” Donna Barnes, The Centre View, January 21, 1988, p. 1,6. Newton Boundary Stone (Centreville, Va.) File, Vertical Historical Landmark Files, Subject Files, Virginia Room, Fairfax County Public Library. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1810-2000 https://fairfaxaahi.centerformasonslegacies.com/files/original/1d8e78122fe3e1492f01acf8141f9d10.JPG c8eaef833fb41d890f768bc4f53b1aed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Communities Additional information on historical communites District Name of the district that the item is located in Springfield Location The location of the item or topic Hope Park Road, Braddock Road, Fairfax County Parkway Additional Notes An additional note of further information not directly related to the item's historical description Some of the residents that lived in Hughesville included: Charles Botts, Sanford Botts, Andrew Green, Sarah Parker, and Robert Kelsey The New Mount Zoar Baptist Church on Braddock Road was dedicated on September 3,1972. <a href="http://www.nmzoar.org/our-history" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">www.nmzoar.org/our-history</a> Photo Credit A credit to a photo or other file provided for the item, if exists Courtesy of FCPS Fairfax Schools Bulletin, Vol. 7, No. 1, September, 1970 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hughesville Description An account of the resource The Hughesville community developed near the intersection of Braddock Road and today’s Fairfax County Parkway. The history of the community began around 1866. Jackson Hughes a formerly enslaved followed the Union Army from Louisiana and chose to live in Fairfax County. At first where he settled was called Jacksonville and then Hughesville. Jackson married a formerly enslaved woman, Mariah Beckwith. He and his wife and other community members decided to start a church and located suitable property. The church Zolar Baptist was used as a school and for other community activities. The land for the Hughesville School was purchased from the Botts family in 1887. Before the school was built, students were educated at the “old church building’’ Zolar Baptist. A new church building, Mount Zoar Baptist church replaced Zolar Baptist. Philip Edward Hughes was the son of Jackson and Mariah Hughes. Philip and his wife Minnie Beckwith Hughes’ home was on Braddock Road Both Philip and Minnie Beckwith Hughes were educators. Minnie had at one time taught at Hughesville School. Philip taught for eighteen years in Fairfax County Schools until he quit to work for the US Government Printing Office, where he could earn more money. Minnie worked for various schools in the county during her thirty-year career. For several years she would ride her horse and buggy to school. The Hughesville school operated until the end of the school year in 1925. The next year the students were bused to Clifton. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Educators of Centreville District <a href="http://www.fcps.edu/about-fcps/history/records/centreville/biographies" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">www.fcps.edu/about-fcps/history/records/centreville/biographies</a> The Fair Facts Gazette Winter 2006 Volume 4 Issue I by William Page Johnson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Post Civil War Springfield Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Publication A book or other written work on the history or account's of African Americans District Name of the district that the item is located in Providence Location The location of the item or topic Fairfax County Additional Notes An additional note of further information not directly related to the item's historical description Dobbins also was interviewed for the Providence Perspectives History project conducted through the Providence Supervisors office; transcripts are now at FCPL Author Author of text Marion Dobbins Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Black, White, Segregated: Forgotten Black Communities in Fairfax Description An account of the resource Black communities that once existed in Fairfax County are discussed. They include Merrifield, originally called Mills Crossing; The Pines; and Williamstown, now Merrifield and Dunn Loring. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 10, 2013 Dunn Loring Merrifield Providence https://fairfaxaahi.centerformasonslegacies.com/files/original/1c035f6caa0223501c0586ed80e32ec9.JPG e68bb39dcf6f2970396be73691144448 https://fairfaxaahi.centerformasonslegacies.com/files/original/cb335323a46132f9e01f480e9ee8db15.JPG e39e8ef5b20b042583ab84aaf03e6fcd https://fairfaxaahi.centerformasonslegacies.com/files/original/cd1d838a80b22883028706669a34ef2e.JPG 04e9bba006d7587458b3efe2ada98dd6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Communities Additional information on historical communites District Name of the district that the item is located in Providence Location The location of the item or topic Historic District is 106-120 Tinner Hill Road, Falls Church Parcel numbers: 050-2 ((7)) 1 050-2 ((7)) 2 050-2 ((7)) 3 050-2 ((7)) 4 050-2 ((7)) 4A 050-2 ((7)) 4B 050-2 ((7)) 6 050-2 ((7)) 7 050-2 ((7)) 8 050-2 ((7)) 8A 050-2 ((7)) 9 The park is at 38° 52.785′ N, 77° 10.603′ W. Marker is in Falls Church, Virginia. Marker is at the intersection of Tinner Hill Road and South Washington Steet (U.S. 29), on the left when traveling north on Tinner Hill Road. Marker is at 508 S. Washington St., Falls Church 22046 Monument: 38° 52.782′ N, 77° 10.604′ W. Marker is in Falls Church, Virginia. Marker is at the intersection of Washington Street / Lee Highway (U.S. 29) and Tinner Hill Street, on the right when traveling west on Washington Street / Lee Highway. Falls Church Virginia Department of Human Resources Marker: 38° 52.763′ N, 77° 10.59′ W. Marker is Falls Church, Virginia. Marker is on Tinner Hill Road south of Lee Highway (U.S. 29), on the right when traveling south A marker erected by city of Falls Church is at 38° 52.75′ N, 77° 10.586′ W. Marker is in Falls Church, Virginia. Marker is on Tinner Hill Road just south of South Washington Street (U.S. 29), on the right when traveling south. Additional Notes An additional note of further information not directly related to the item's historical description Significance: Tinner Hill is the site of the first rural branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in the United States. It was led by two of its residents, Dr. E.B. Henderson and Joseph Tinner. Three significant events happened here. The first was the 1890 gerrymandering of the Town boundaries to exclude the existing African American communities, the second event was the successful attempt to repeal the proposed 1916 segregation ordinance that would have prohibited Blacks from purchasing land and property in Falls Church and the third was the construction of Lee Highway and Hillwood Avenue which further segregated the Black and White communities. These events transformed an ordinary community into a historically significant site, and in doing so, Tinner Hill has become a quiet symbol of an African American community that fought to maintain its identity and its place within the city, despite institutional efforts at separation and segregation. Sur- vey number: HALS VA-54 (Building/structure dates: ca. 1890 Subsequent Work; Building/structure dates: ca. 1900 Subsequent Work; Building/structure dates: ca. 1914- ca. 1918 Subsequent Work) Historical Marker Information on related nearby historical markers or other physical markers Erected 2005 by Virginia Department of Historic Resources. (Marker Number C-91.) Photo Credit A credit to a photo or other file provided for the item, if exists Photos provided courtesy of Sue Kovach Shuman Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tinner Hill Historical District Tinner Hill Road Description An account of the resource Tinner Hill is a community in Falls Church, Virginia at the intersection of Tinner Hill Road and Washington Street (Lee Highway) that shares land with Fairfax County—it is officially in both jurisdictions. The street itself has nine frame houses painted white, most still owned by relatives in the Tinner family that started the community in 1890. The oldest house may be the two-story wood frame with gable roof and 934 sq. ft. of living area at 107 Tinner Hill St., listed as built in 1870. It has three bedrooms and one bath. African American life in Falls Church predates the 1700s. Enslaved and free African Americans lived, worked (too often as enslaved labor), struggled, and prospered for generations before the Civil War. The Tinner Hill community began right after the Civil War when Charles and Elizabeth Tinner purchased land and divided it among their ten children. The Tinners, outstanding craftsmen and highly skilled stonemasons in the 19th century, created a solid and thriving community which, remarkably, continues today. The Tinner Hill neighborhood is a noteworthy array of vernacular homes dating from the late 19th and the early 20th centuries, still owned and occupied primarily by Tinner descendants. Charles H. and Mary E. Tinner in 1890 paid $375 for 2.5 acres here (part of 1724 1,291-acre Pearson Grant), built a home on the crest and later provided lots from that property for their children. They farmed the land, quarried granite from the valley, and served as regional craftsmen. Also in 1890, the council moved the boundary of the town so that most families of African American descent would reside in Fairfax County. The Tinner family together with the Hendersons were principal civil rights leaders in the region and formed in 1915 the first rural chapter chartered by the NAACP. An early rural branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded on Tinner Hill. In 1915, the Town of Falls Church proposed an ordinance to segregate Black and White residential sections. Local African Americans formed the Colored Citizens Protective League and fought this ordinance. In 1918, the league became the Falls Church and Vicinity Branch of the NAACP. Meeting in members’ homes around Tinner Hill, the branch focused on public education, voter registration, travel regulations, and equal access to public services. Strategies developed by the branch were effectively used in other localities throughout the Civil Rights era. The Tinner Hill Heritage Site is located on the west side of the street. There is a park with several interpretive markers. The park marker reads: 1875-1928- Joseph Tinner was the first president of the Falls Church branch of the NAACP (National Association for Colored People) and was a stonemason who quarried from the base of Tinner Hill, the billion year- old granite used in the Tinner Hill monument. The Tinner Hill site itself is the former home of Joseph and Elizabeth Tinner who fought segregation laws after the borders of neighboring areas cut directly through their property. This is noted on the marker. Their actions helped lead to the first rural branch of the NAACP. The ZigZag monument sculpture follows the original location of the segregation line. Markers note that Edward Bancroft Henderson was the principal organizer of the first NAACP rural branch. Dr. Henderson was the most vocal civil rights advocate in this region for over 50 years. Henderson (see template for Henderson House) stands a block away. There are several markers in the Tinner Hill area. In addition to markers, a block-long sidewalk in front of a Target store on Washington Street (across the street and west of Tinner Hill) traces the history of civil rights. A 14-foot arch of pink granite monument, sometimes called the Tinner Hill arch, was erected at the cor- ner where Target now stands. The inscription (left side) reads: This monument commemorates the in- habitants of the Tinner Hill area who risked their livelihoods and their lives to defend the principles of the U.S. Bill of Rights. Funded by a Commonwealth of Virginia Grant, the Wollenbert Foundation, and individual donations, the donation of the land was from International Motors and the City of Falls Church. The Tinner Hill Historic District is listed on the Fairfax County Inventory of Historic Sites. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived City of Falls Church property records <a href="https://gis.vgsi.com/fallschurchva/Parcel.aspx?Pid=3334" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://gis.vgsi.com/fallschurchva/Parcel.aspx?Pid=3334 </a>(No. 107, Deed Book 2678, page 0248; Parcel No. 53) <a href="https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=151022" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=151022</a> Historic marker database <a href="https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=151017" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=151017</a> <a href="https://www.novaparks.com/parks/tinner-hill-historic-park" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.novaparks.com/parks/tinner-hill-historic-park</a> Tinner Hill Heritage Foundation <a href="https://www.tinnerhill.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.tinnerhill.org/</a> A Brief Historical Sketch of the African American Presence in Falls Church, Virginia, Tinner Hill Heritage Foundation: <a href="http://www.100yearsblackfallschurch.org/history" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.100yearsBlackfallschurch.org/history</a> A Virginia Village Goes to War - Falls Church during the Civil War, by Bradley E. Gernard, Donning Company Publishing, 2002, pages 234-235 Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, Historic American Landscapes Survey HALS VA-54 <a href="https://www.loc.gov/item/va2212/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.loc.gov/item/va2212/</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Circa 1900-1940 for historic district Historic monument dedicated June 5, 1999 Falls Church Providence https://fairfaxaahi.centerformasonslegacies.com/files/original/7b5aaa6c71b76c4e93ce5a29dd8c499e.jpg d92d32bf8f670fd24512a1f2168e40cf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Site Location The location of a site, grounds, farmland, land, etc. given as a separate entry from a related item. Location The location of the item or topic Merrifield used to be the east side of Gallows Road roughly from Lee Highway in the north to the current Route 50 on the south. Today it encompasses both side of Gallows and extends further in all directions. District Name of the district that the item is located in Providence Photo Credit A credit to a photo or other file provided for the item, if exists Courtesy of Fairfax County Government Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mills Crossing/Merrifield Description An account of the resource The Merrifield area originally known as Mills Crossing. It also was known as Williamstown. An African American community existed on the east side of Gallows Road roughly from Lee Highway in the north to south of the current Route 50 and what is now Fairfax Hospital. Mills Crossing was named after a free African American who also ran a lumber mill. The nickname “slab-town” was later attached to this area because of its vast number of sawmills. These mills were vital in providing firewood or slabs of wood to homeowners dependent upon wood for cooking and heating their homes. Mills Crossing or Merrifield became central in the life of African Americans. It was the home of a church, once called First Baptist Colored Church of Merrifield. It was also the site of the Merrifield Colored School (also called Negro school in 1938 county school board minutes). The Odd Fellows Hall and the Household of Ruth were established in Merrifield. Both organizations joined forces with Char- ley Tinner and E. B. Henderson of Falls Church in a civil rights initiative. The men also helped establish the first NAACP chapter in this area. The Odd Fellows Hall became Boyd’s Piano at 2931 Gallows Road in 1984 and was sold in 2016, then demolished. The church is the only remnant of original buildings left of this African-American community. Fairfax County defines Merrifield in 2021 as a commercial revitalization area “which entitles landowners and developers to the use of expedited development review procedures.” The Mosaic District on the west side of Gallows Road is a mixed-use development. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Forgotten Black Communities in Fairfax, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJVQ12Uc2gE" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJVQ12Uc2gE</a> Fairfax County Economic Development Authority <a href="http://www.fairfaxcountyeda.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">www.fairfaxcountyeda.org </a>. Merrifield as defined by Fairfax County: <a href="http://www.fcrevit.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">www.fcrevit.org</a> Property records: <a href="https://icare.fairfaxcounty.gov/ffxcare/datalets/datalet.aspx?mode=sales&sIndex=0&idx=1&LMpar-ent=138" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://icare.fairfaxcounty.gov/ffxcare/datalets/datalet.aspx?mode=sales&sIndex=0&idx=1&LMpar-ent=138</a> West Springfield High School Applied History Class Oral History Interview by students Nia Maronda and Solene Montgomery -- Bobby Whitmore grew up in the house his father built in Merrifield. His father was the first African American mail carrier in the area. Because of the light color of his skin, Bobby was harassed by both Black and White classmates. <a href="https://research.fairfaxcounty.gov/local-history/oral-histories" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://research.fairfaxcounty.gov/local-history/oral-histories</a> (in the public library) Part of Providence Perspectives oral history project: Marion Ransel-Dobbins oral history <a href="https://research.fairfaxcounty.gov/ld.php?content_id=54175404" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://research.fairfaxcounty.gov/ld.php?content_id=54175404</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 19th century on Relation A related resource <a href="https://silverbox.gmu.edu/fairfaxaahi/items/show/126">First Baptist Church of Merrifield</a> Providence Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Publication A book or other written work on the history or account's of African Americans Author Author of text John Terry Chase District Name of the district that the item is located in Mount Vernon Location The location of the item or topic 975.529 C, Fairfax County Public Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gum Springs: The Triumph of a Black Community Description An account of the resource History of the Historic African American Community from 1833-1990 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1990 Relation A related resource <a href="https://silverbox.gmu.edu/fairfaxaahi/items/show/44">Gum Springs Community</a> Mount Vernon https://fairfaxaahi.centerformasonslegacies.com/files/original/540d6cec147c3e00ee22f11bd03e603f.JPG 29f685e5ca46dec01d68b19049f6ee79 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Event A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, open day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. District Name of the district that the item is located in Hunter Mill Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Historic Vienna, Inc. African American Resources Description An account of the resource <h3>Tours of African American History</h3> The African American Historic Sites Tour of Vienna, VA- Program. In October 2020, Sylvia Taylor and Gloria Runyon, long time Vienna residents, members of the Historic Vienna, Inc. Board of Directors, and members of the First Baptist Church of Vienna, presented a talk on the highlights of Vienna’s African American Community. Their talk described some of the historic sites on the tour that they created to share the rich history of Vienna’s African American community. Please click <a href="https://youtu.be/ny1kVhrt270" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here </a>to access it.<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ny1kVhrt270%C2%A0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> https://</a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ny1kVhrt270%C2%A0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">www.youtube.com/watch?v=ny1kVhrt270</a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ny1kVhrt270%C2%A0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> </a> The African American Historic Sites Tour of Vienna, VA, was originally created in February 2017 as one of the events held in celebration of First Baptist Church of Vienna’s 150th Anniversary. It discussed long-time families, their contributions to the community and important sites including churches, schools, cemeteries, parks, homes and landmarks. If you would like to learn about the contributions of Vienna’s African Americans from 1867 to 2006, please take this self-guided tour containing all of the sites on their tour. You can choose to take the tour as a riding tour, either in a vehicle or on a bicycle, or as a walking tour. The walking tour is divided into 4 segments with 3 to 8 sites per segment. You can choose to download all segments together or each segment individually. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://historicviennainc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/African-American-Historic-Sites-of-Vienna-Riding-Tour.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Riding Tour of African American Historic Sites Tour of Vienna, VA</a>. This contains all 22 sites <a href="https://historicviennainc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/African-American-Historic-Sites-Walking-Tour-of-Vienna-Complete.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Complete Walking Tour of African American Historic Sites Tour of Vienna, VA</a>. This contains all 22 sites <a href="https://historicviennainc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/African-American-Historic-Sites-Walking-Tour-of-Vienna-Segment-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Walking Tour Segment 1 of African American Historic Sites Tour of Vienna, VA</a>. This contains 8 sites <a href="https://historicviennainc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/African-American-Historic-Sites-Walking-Tour-of-Vienna-Segment-2-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Walking Tour Segment 2 of African American Historic Sites Tour of Vienna, VA</a>. This contains 5 sites <a href="https://historicviennainc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/African-American-Historic-Sites-Walking-Tour-of-Vienna-Segment-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Walking Tour Segment 3 of African American Historic Sites Tour of Vienna, VA</a>. This contains 6 sites <a href="https://historicviennainc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/African-American-Historic-Sites-Walking-Tour-of-Vienna-Segment-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Walking Tour Segment 4 of African American Historic Sites Tour of Vienna, VA</a>. This contains 3 sites Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Communities Additional information on historical communites District Name of the district that the item is located in Braddock Location The location of the item or topic Zion Drive and Sideburn Road, Fairfax VA Additional Notes An additional note of further information not directly related to the item's historical description An African American community developed along route 654, later known as Zion Drive Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sideburn Community Description An account of the resource African American community which was established after the Civil War Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource after the Civil War Braddock Fairfax Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Site Location The location of a site, grounds, farmland, land, etc. given as a separate entry from a related item. Location The location of the item or topic Lewinsville area of today’s McLean, Virginia District Name of the district that the item is located in Dranesville Additional Notes An additional note of further information not directly related to the item's historical description In May of 1861, James W. Jackson fatally shot Colonel Elmer Ellsworth of the 11th New York Fire Zouaves who had just removed a large Confederate flag from atop Alexandria’s Marshall Hotel. Union corporal Francis Bromly immediately shot and killed Jackson. Ellsworth was the first federal officer to be killed in the war and Jackson was the first civilian casualty. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Camp Beckwith Description An account of the resource During the first years of the Civil War, thousands of enslaved people escaped to the District of Columbia in search of freedom. During May and June of 1863, as the number of contrabands grew, the Union Army decided to relocate the growing number of contrabands to camps outside of Washington City, making use of abandoned secessionist properties. The government created five camps that occupied property in either Arlington or Fairfax Counties. Two of these camps were located in today’s McLean near Langley and Lewinsville: Camp Beckwith and Camp Wadsworth. Camp Beckwith was a contraband camp that was established during 1863 in the Lewinsville area west of the Lewinsville Presbyterian Church. It made use of the abandoned secessionist property of at least Dr. William McVeigh and Susan Jackson, the widow of James W. Jackson. The contrabands were paid to work the land and were offered educational opportunities in camp schools. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1863 Dranesville McLean Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Site Location The location of a site, grounds, farmland, land, etc. given as a separate entry from a related item. Location The location of the item or topic McLean, Virginia District Name of the district that the item is located in Dranesville Additional Notes An additional note of further information not directly related to the item's historical description During the first years of the Civil War, thousands of enslaved people escaped to the District of Columbia in search of freedom. They became known as contrabands. As contraband numbers grew, their overcrowded living spaces became unsanitary. In an attempt to resolve this problem, D. B. Nichols, the Superintendent of Freedman, determined to relocate many to abandoned secessionist properties outside of the city. Camp Wadsworth was two sections, established on what is now residential and commercial property in McLean. The first portion was established on the 60-acre farm of Captain James W. Cooke, who left the area to become an officer in the Confederate States Navy. His farm included what is now the Madison of McLean townhouse development. The second part was established not far from Cooke’s on the 134-acre deserted farm of Lewis Means. McLean Central Park was built on a piece of the former Mean’s property. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Camp Wadsworth Description An account of the resource Camp Wadsworth was located on the property of Commander James W. Cooke that includes today’s Madison of McLean townhouse development, and the nearby property of Lewis Means, part of today’s McLean Central Park. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource D. B. Nichols Captain James W. Cooke Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1863 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Communities Communities Additional information on historical communites District Name of the district that the item is located in Dranesville Location The location of the item or topic Cooktown, no longer in existence, was located at the north end of Monroe Street Additional Notes An additional note of further information not directly related to the item's historical description In the early 1980s, the Cooktown community was developed into Herndon Heights, a residential neighborhood of single-family houses Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cooktown Description An account of the resource In 1968, Cooktown was still home to an estimated 15-20 families. Among the 15 dwellings there was one with a septic tank and indoor plumbing. There was no gas, water or sewer service. There were seven homes with electricity, four with telephones. The name apparently dates to post-Civil War years when Henry Cook settled with his family in the area. The elder residents thought of it as their home place. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Probably 3rd quarter 19th century Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Frederick Cook Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived “Cooktown: The Way it Has Been”, by Jared Stout, in Restonian – A New Magazine of New Ways to Live, Vol. 1. No. 2 November 1968 Repository: 975.529 R FCPL Virginia Room “Segregation in Herndon- Cooktown” <a href="https://patch.com/virginia/herndon/segregation-in-herndoncooktown" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://patch.com/virginia/herndon/segregation-in-herndoncooktown</a> Oct. 2, 2011 Article by Chuck Mauro Mapcarta.com Cooktown <a href="https://patch.com/virginia/herndon/segregation-in-herndoncooktown" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"></a><a class="Hyperlink SCXW82980150 BCX2" style="text-decoration:none;color:inherit;" href="https://patch.com/virginia/herndon/segregation-in-herndoncooktown" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://patch.com/virginia/herndon/segregation-in-herndoncooktown"</a> Dranesville