1 25 5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Transportation Site Location The location of a site, grounds, farmland, land, etc. given as a separate entry from a related item. Location The location of the item or topic Connects Sideburn Road and Roberts Road District Name of the district that the item is located in Braddock Additional Notes An additional note of further information not directly related to the item's historical description The 1940 Census data list Alexander L. White (59) and Nellie E. White (55) as Black, married, and living on State Road 653. Both were born in Virginia. Alexander’s occupation was farmer and Nellie’s was an elevator operator in Government Work. A Sideburn resident, Ed Reedy said that Nellie White owned 150 acres which was split when Sideburn Road was constructed. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Nellie White Lane Description An account of the resource Formerly route 653, this road was named for property owner African American Nellie White. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived “Sideburn is more than a name” Connection Newspaper June 30,2004 <a href="http://www.connectionnewspapers.com/news/2004/jun/30/sideburn-is-more-than-a-name/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.connectionnewspapers.com/news/2004/jun/30/sideburn-is-more-than-a-name/</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Transportation Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource AFRICAN AMERICAN WOOD CHOPPERS ON THE ORANGE AND ALEXANDRIA RAILROAD Description An account of the resource Behind Union lines, enslaved person who escaped or was brought within Union lines during the American Civil War were used on confiscated farms to raise food for the army and wood chopping to help in the construction of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad. Some of the once enslaved received wages for the first time. These people were referred to as contrabands. They were in danger of being captured or killed during Confederate attacks. Burke Station was heavily wooded, and the wood cut by the contrabands was uses as railroad ties and repairing bridges burned by the Confederates. On November 25, 1863 at the Devereux Siding, Confederate raiders attacked and wood choppers were captured. Notes: African American Wood choppers and Orange and Alexandria Railroad - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9v_cN6hxljooroo African American Wood Choppers’ Hut on Orange and Alexandria Railroad Photo https://railroads.unl.edu/documents/view_document.php?id=rail.iw.017 Devereux Siding: A Civil War Wood Station on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad By Debbie Robison July 8, 2012. www.novahistory.org/DevereuxSiding “Contrabands of War” African American Fugitives to Union Lines http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/odyssey/educate/waud.html Historical Marker Text: Burke's Station Inscription. During the Civil War, African American laborers chopped wood and conveyed it to Burke’s Station, a major Federal timber transportation station located here on the Orange & Alexandria Railroad. To sup- ply the Union army and engineers with timber for railroad ties, bridge trusses, stockades, and firewood, wood choppers cut down thousands of acres of woodland along the railroad in Fairfax County. The wood was then transported by rail to Alexandria. In 1863, the U.S. Military Construction Corps built an additional siding here to facilitate the loading of wood onto railroad cars. Wood choppers moved up to 1,000 cords of lumber a month in the Burke area alone. Army teamsters hauled the wood here in mule-drawn wagons. There were as many as 100 wagons in the wagon master’s brigade at Burke’s Station. Many of the wood choppers and teamsters were escaped slave called “contrabands” who had fled to Alexandria. Because they risked capture and re-enslavement by working here outside Union lines, Federal cavalry and infantry camped nearby to protect both the contrabands and the wood stockpiles. On October 28, 1863, Confederate guerillas captured about 25 mules, a wagon master, and several contrabands at work near here. When the Confederates ordered the wagon master to lead them to the station guard, one of the contrabands escaped to warn the garrison. They fired a volley when the Confederates approached and drove them off. The wagon master, contrabands, and mules were all rescued. Historical Marker Text: Devereux Siding Orange and Alexandria Railroad Inscription. Devereux Station, constructed in 1863 on the Orange and Alexandria (O&A) Railroad, was located down the tracks to your left. After the Confederate army withdrew from northern Virginia toward Richmond in March 1862, the U.S. Military Railroad (USMRR) assumed control of all railways in Federal territory. The siding here, named for USMRR superintendent John Henry Devereux, sup- plied wood to fuel O&A locomotives. The O&A was the Union army’s lifeline, efficiently moving provisions, equipment, and men from Alexandria deep into central Virginia. Confederate partisan units, such as the Chinquapin Rangers and Mosby’s Rangers, frequently attacked the line, the workers, and the Federal troops. With the support of pro-Confederate local residents, the partisan units were successful in disrupting Union railroad operations. In 1863, Gen. George G. Meade issued a proclamation on July 30 informing residents within ten miles of the railroad that they would be held responsible “for any injury done to the road, trains, depots or stations by citizens, guerrillas, or persons in disguise.” Meade also announced that if attacks did not cease, the entire population “of the district or the country along the railroad [would] be put across the lines, and their property taken for government use.” The threat was not carried out, although individuals were detained periodically. (Sidebar): Capt. James C. Kincheloe and his brother Sgt. William S. Kincheloe served with the Chinquapin Rangers. On November 25, 1863, this unit conducted a raid near Devereux Station. In retaliation, Union soldiers rounded up local residents considered suspicious, including the brothers’ father, John Kincheloe IV. The Kincheloe plantation was located approximately a mile south of here. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Source: “Many of the wood choppers who worked along the Orange and Alexandria Railroad were former slaves known as "contrabands" who had escaped to Alexandria. They risked capture by working out- side protected Union lines. On November 25, 1863, wood choppers were at work about one-quarter mile southeast of Devereux Siding when they were attacked by Kincheloe's Rangers. Twenty-three teamsters and wood choppers and 50 mules were captured” http://www.novahistory.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Civil War 1861-1865 Type The nature or genre of the resource Transportation – Historical Marker Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Location: Burke’s Station and Devereux Siding in Clifton District: Springfield Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Transportation Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ROLLING ROAD Description An account of the resource Description: Enslaved workers would move large hogsheads (barrels) of tobacco from plantations to a wharf or a warehouse. Harnessed oxen/ horses would pull the hogsheads or enslaved workers would roll the hogsheads down rugged roads that had once been Native American paths. The tobacco would be shipped to English markets. Date From Colonial Era to Before the Civil War Location Ravensworth Rolling Road started at Braddock Road and ended at Pohick Creek. Notes: There were several Rolling Roads in Fairfax County that ended at the Occoquan Creek, Pohick Creek, or the Potomac River. Source: A History of Roads in Fairfax County, Virginia 1608- 1840 by Heather K. Crowl See illustration at Hogshead Containing Tobacco On A Rolling Road" From David W. Eaton, Historical Atlas of Westmoreland County, Dietz Press, Richmond, 1942, page3. Milaminvirginia.com/links/glossary/hogshead.html. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource From Colonial Era to Before the Civil War Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Location Ravensworth Rolling Road started at Braddock Road and ended at Pohick Creek. District: Braddock Type The nature or genre of the resource Transport Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Transportation Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource LITTLE RIVER TURNPIKE Description An account of the resource “Little River Turnpike was constructed of gravel from Alexandria to the ford of Little River near present-day Aldie, Virginia. The road, almost 34 miles in length, was constructed using the labor from enslaved people, which involved clearing the proposed route of trees and vegetation, quarrying gravel, and crushing stone. Construction, which began in 1802 in Alexandria, was completed nine years later at Little River in 1811.” by Debbie Robison http://www.novahistory.org/LittleRiverTurnpike/LittleRiverTurnpike.html Wages earned by enslaved workers traditionally went to their enslaver. Notes: One of the tollgates was located at today’s intersection of Little River Turnpike and Ravensworth Road in Annandale. Tolls varied by type - twenty cattle 12.5 cents; a horse 8 cents; 4 wheeled carriage 12.5 cents Source: A History of Roads in Fairfax County, Virginia 1608-1840 by Heather K. Crowl https://dra.american.edu/islandora/object/thesesdissertations%253A5581 Historical Marker Text: The earliest private turnpike charter in Virginia was granted by the General Assembly to the Company of the Fairfax and Loudoun Turnpike Road in 1796. By 1806 the 34-mile-long road connected Alexandria with Aldie on the Little River in Loudoun County. The company placed wooden tollhouses along the road at five-mile intervals, and one stood near here until 1954. The Little River Turnpike became a free road in 1896. In Fairfax County, only this portion of the road in Annandale retains its original name. www.hmdb.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Construction began in 1802 Type The nature or genre of the resource Transportation Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Location: From Alexandria, across Fairfax County, to Loudoun County District Mason, Braddock, Providence, Sully, and the City of Fairfax Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Transportation Site Location The location of a site, grounds, farmland, land, etc. given as a separate entry from a related item. Location The location of the item or topic The trail started on Old Keene Mill Road near Keene Mill Elementary school and connected to logging roads that crossed through today’s park property. Lake Accotink Park District Name of the district that the item is located in Springfield Braddock Lee Additional Notes An additional note of further information not directly related to the item's historical description Civilian Conservation Corps Fire Trail’s history is described in a website that includes Photos, History, Personal experience of a resident who used the trail, Maps, Newspaper Articles, and CCC Camp Inspection Reports etc. Historical Lake Accotink >> Accotink History Home <a href="https://vaaccotink.weebly.com/ccc.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://vaaccotink.weebly.com/ccc.html</a> CCC Camp Helps Save Fairfax Homes In Forest Fire One hundred youth from the CCC camp at Fort Belvoir helped extinguish a large forest fire. The youth were under the command of Capt. F.G. Bryan, Field Artillery Reserve. From Washington Post article, November 9, 1937 Notes: In the Washington Post news article, the CCC young men were recognized for helping save homes and subduing the fire, but the article did not identify them as African Americans. African Americans and Native Americans CCC camps were segregated from White CCC camps. See Moving Forward Initiative: The African American Experience in the Civilian Conservation Corps Article by Ashley McNeil, Hannah Traverse Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Fire Trail Description An account of the resource The African Americans of Co. No. 2399 camp No. Army 3 [C], who were stationed at Fort Belvoir, built a fire trail through what is today’s Lake Accotink Park. The trail crossed the then Outlying Reservation of Fort Belvoir. Senator Bristow, who lived in Springfield, had suggested that the CCC camp build the trail. The trail, which crossed through woods and over streams and railroad tracks, connected to logging roads used by foresters. The trail provided a fire break and a short cut for fire engines and those engaged in hunting and fishing Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1930s Relation A related resource <a href="https://corpsnetwork.org/blogs/moving-forward-initiative-the-african-american-experience-in-the-%20civilian-conservation-corps/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://corpsnetwork.org/blogs/moving-forward-initiative-the-african-american-experience-in-the- civilian-conservation-corps/</a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Transportation Braddock Lee Springfield